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A blockbuster bomb or cookie was any of several of the largest conventional bombs used in World War II by the Royal Air Force (RAF). The term ''blockbuster'' was originally a name coined by the press and referred to a bomb which had enough explosive power to destroy an entire street or large building through the effects of blast in conjunction with incendiary bombs. ==Design== The bombs then called ''Blockbusters'' were the RAF's HC (''High Capacity'') bombs. These bombs had especially thin casings that allowed them to contain approximately three-quarters of their weight in explosive, with a 4,000 pound bomb containing over of Amatol. Most General-purpose bombs (termed ''Medium Capacity''—or MC—by the RAF) contained 50% explosive by weight, the rest being made up of the fragmentation bomb casing. Blockbusters got larger as the war progressed, from the original version, up to . The Mark 1 4000 lb bomb was a welded, cylindrical shell, made of thick steel. The body of the bomb was in diameter and long with a total overall length of 115 inches. The nose of the bomb was conical and a long cylindrical tail was fitted (a lightweight, empty cylinder with a closed end). A T-section steel beam was welded to the inner surface of the bomb to strengthen it.〔Ordnance Pamphlet 1665 (1946) pp.36–37〕 Subsequent Mark II and Mark III HC bombs differed in detail; the conical nose was replaced with a domed nose and the number of fuzes was increased from one to three, in order to guarantee detonation. The Mark IV bomb did not have the T-section beam. The Mark V and Mark VI bombs were versions manufactured in the United States.〔Ordnance Pamphlet 1665 (1946) pp.39〕 The larger 8,000 lb bomb was constructed from two 4,000 lb sections that fitted together with bolts, although these sections were of a larger 38 in (97 cm) diameter.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=8,000lb High Capacity Bomb )〕 A 12,000 lb version was created by adding a third 4,000 lb section.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=12,000lb High Capacity Bomb )〕〔Air Publication AP1661B Vol I〕 The 4,000 lb high capacity design was little more than a cylinder full of explosives—it was unaerodynamic and did not have fins. When fitted with a nose spoiler and a drum tail the bomb fell straight. These bombs were designed for their blast effect, to cause damage to buildings - specifically to blow roof tiles off, so that the smaller 4 lb (1.8 kg) incendiary bombs could reach the building interiors. These high capacity bombs were only used by the RAF, being too big to fit in the bomb bays of other countries' aircraft. In 1947 Alfred Cecil Brooks of Stourbridge was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire, for creating the Blockbuster, although his citation was worded "outstanding services to the King of a nature that cannot be revealed". The local newspaper referred to him as "Blockbuster Brooks". 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Blockbuster bomb」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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